This course on "Advanced Hydraulics" describes the flows and
properties in open channels. A total of 41 lectures are devised for
this course.
After attending this course, a student will be able to describe
the various types of flows in open channels, the velocity distribution
across and along the channel, hydraulic jumps, and turbines and pumps.
The student will be able to design the channel sections and
drains, jumps, and pumps for various hydraulic and hydrologic projects.
Contents: Introduction to kinds of
open channel flows and properties like specific energy, force, etc. –
Uniform flow – Gradually varied flow – Rapidly varied flow – Hydraulic
Jumps – Flow through non-prismatic channel sections like bridges,
piers, etc. – Turbines and Pumps
Sl. No.
Topic
No. of Hours
1
Open Channel Flow:
Kinds of open channel flow, channel geometry, types and regimes of flow
Velocity distribution in open channel, wide open channel, specific energy, critical flow and its computation
Energy in non-prismatic channel, momentum in open channel flow, specific force.
9
2
Uniform Flow:
Qualification of uniform flow, velocity measurement, Manning’s and Chezy’s formula, determination of roughness coefficients
Determination of normal depth and velocity, most economical sections, non-erodible channels
Flow in a channel section with composite roughness, flow in close conduit with open channel flow.
8
3
Varied Flow:
Dynamic equations of gradually varied
flow, assumptions and characteristics of flow profiles, classification
of flow profile, draw down and back water curves
profile determination, graphical
integration, direct step and standard step method, numerical methods,
flow through transitions, dynamic equation of spatially varied flow
Analysis of spatially varied flow profile,
computation of spatially varied flow using numerical integration.
11
4
Hydraulic Jumps:
Hydraulic jump, types of jump, basic
characteristics of jump, length and location of jump, jump as energy
dissipation, control of jump, surges, surge channel transitions.
8
5
Flow Through Non-Prismatic Channel Section:
Sudden transition, sub-critical flow
through sudden transition, flow through culverts, flow through bridge
piers, obstructions, channel junction.
3
6
Turbines:
Application of momentum principle, impact of jets on plane and curved plates, turbines, classification, radial flow turbines
Axial flow turbines, impulse and reaction
turbines, draft tube and cavitations, performance of turbines,
centrifugal pump, minimum speed to start the pump
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